Literary Foundation

  Image  Source- Wikipedia A British playwright, screenplay writer, actor, and theatre director, John Osborne (1929-1994) was born on 12 December 1929 in Fulham, London. His father,  Thomas Godfrey Osborne , was a lower-middle-class commercial artist and copywriter from Wales, and his mother , Nellie Beatrice Grove , belonged to a working-class family of publication. His father died of tuberculosis in 1941, and his death left an impact on Osborne and his writing.  He began his education in a State school but was transferred to Devon, a lesser public boarding school, in 1943. In 1945, he was expelled from school because he hit the headmaster.  He worked as a journalist on trade papers such as Gas , World , Nursery World , and Miller , but always dreamed of working in theatre. Eventually, he joined the theatre as an assistant stage manager, touring with a repertory company. In 1950 , his acting career flourished when he visited the Ilfracombe and London areas...

William Shakespeare's Biography (1564-1616) An English playwright, poet, actor, a well-known figure of the Elizabethan age, and one of the greatest dramatists of English drama Shakespeare was born on 23 April 1564 in Stratford, England. He was baptized on 26th April 1564 at Stratford-on-Avon's church. His father was John Shakespeare, the son of a farmer who came from the nearby village of Snitterfield to Stratford in about 1551. He was prosperous as a trader in corn, meat, leather, and other agricultural products. His mother's name was Mary Arden, the daughter of a wealthy farmer. She descended from an old Warwickshire family of mixed Anglo-Saxon blood. His parents got married in 1559. Shakespeare's parents were illiterate but evidence shows that his father can write. In 1582, Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway, the daughter of a peasant family of Shottery, who was eight years older than her boy husband. Education of Shakespeare:- He never attended any renowned education...

Annie Ernaux Annie Ernaux (Annie Thérèse Blanche Ernaux) is a French writer and professor of literature and Nobel Laureate who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2022. She was born on 1st September 1940 in Lillebonne, France. Her parents ran a cafe and a grocery in a working-class part of Lillebonne town in Normandy, where she was born and grew up. She was educated at the University of Rouen and then Bordeaux, where she qualified as a school teacher and gained a higher degree in modern literature. She married Philippe Ernaux and has two sons. But the couple divorced in the early 1980s. Her Literary Career:- Her literary career began in 1974 with "Les Armoires vides" (Cleaned Out), an autobiographical novel. In 1984, she won the Renaudot Prize for "La Place" (A Man's Place), which is also an autobiographical work focusing on her relationship with her father and her experiences growing up in a small town in France. In her early stage, she focused on fictional ...

Samuel Johnson was born on 18th September 1709 in  Lichfield, England.  Michael Johnson was his father, who was a bookseller.  He was a biographer, essayist, lexicographer, editor, and poet. He was educated at Grammar School in Lichfield in 1719 and entered Pembroke College, Oxford in 1728.  When his father died in 1713, he was forced to leave the college.  However, poverty did not stop him from securing respect and probity; he was received in the best society of his native place.  He has a strong and virtuous power of thinking. He was advancing slowly but surely into the higher society. Johnson never lost friends and respect, and continues to be admired by each new friend. He married  Elizabeth Porter (a widow) in 1735, older than him. At the time of marriage, he was twenty-six years old and his wife was forty-six years. His first literary attempt was the translation of " Father Lobo's Voyage to Abyssinia ". In 1737, Johnson came to London t...

J ane A usten is one of the great writers and authors of cultured, ironic and harsh novels. Her greatness is difficult to catch. She is contemporary to Wordsworth and Coleridge. She got little encouragement from her own generation, still, what she did for English novels is incomparable. She refined and simplified it, making it a true reflection of English life. As Wordsworth began with the deliberate purpose of making poetry natural and truthful, so Miss Austen appears to have begun writing with the idea of presenting the life of English society contrary to society as it was.   A usten was born on December 16, 1775, at the rectory in the village of Steventon, in Hampshire, England. She was the seventh child and second daughter of Reverend George Austen and his wife Cassandra Austen. Jane Austen had a happy childhood with her siblings and was almost inseparable from her elder sister, Cassandra. When she grew up a young woman, still living with her parents, Austen helped her par...

The Mother of Modern Indian English Poetry, a prominent voice of the colonial era, and an  Iconoclast, Kamala Das was born in a conservative Brahmin family on 31st March 1934. She, in her family, experiences patriarchial prejudice and its subjugation. Though her mother- Balamani Amma was a famous poet, her father was an editor and her Grand Uncle- Nalapat Narayana Menon, was a respected writer.   Culturally,  her childhood is very enriched. She is a multilingual writer who knows her mother tongue- Malayalam and English. She has two names  Madhavikutty - for her Malayalam readers and Kamla Das - for English readers. Her career began at the age of 06 when she started writing a manuscript which is a collection of her sad poems. However, at the age of 15, she married and moved to Bombay where she is always weighed down by the expectations of her husband, family and Society to be a good wife or mother.  Still, she continues her writi...